The Neolithic is a key topic in archaeological research. The high number of research teams focused on its study, the large number of archaeological sites excavated each year and the huge number of articles published on the topic, are clear examples of the interest that this particular period arouses. Despite the high number of published studies, several research questions continue to arise in relation to the following points: the origin and the development of the Neolithisation process; the role of Mesolithic hunter-gatherer communities in the processes; the effects of the climatic changes on the landscape and the key points of the agricultural model.

The traditional historical-cultural proposals about Neolithic emergence have been revised, changed or reformulated thanks to the improvement of the archaeological field techniques, and to the spread of new and more precise analytical techniques from Biology, Chemistry and Physics. The amount of analysis and papers is dramatically increased, and is getting very difficult being updated about them. Therefore, it is becoming necessary to organize monographic meetings around common topics.

NeoNet is a themathic network funded by the Programa Estatal de Generación de Conocimiento y Fortalecimiento Científico y Tecnológico del Sistema de I+D+I del Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (Spanish Program for the Generation of Knowledge and Scientific and Technological development for the Spanish System of Research, Development and Innovation of the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities). This project creates a common environment for the discussion of the origin, development and consolidation of Neolithic communities along the Mediterranean basin. Scientific team is mainly formed by researchers from the Iberian Peninsula, although NeoNet is joining specialists from other institutions that are currently working in this geographical region.